Forum
Do Dynamics of Crop Maturation and Herbivorous Insect Life Cycle Influence the Risk
of Adaptation to Toxins in Transgenic Host Plants?
David W. Onstad and Fred Gould .... 517
Moisture, a Vital but Neglected Factor in the Seasonal Ecology of Insects: Hypotheses
and Tests of Mechanisms.
Maurice J. Tauber, Catherine A. Tauber, Jan P. Nyrop, and Michael G. Villani .... 523
Comparative Life Histories and Predation Types: Are Neoseiulus californicus and N.
fallacis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Similar Type II Selective Predators of Spider Mites?.
B. A. Croft, L. N. Monetti, and P. D. Pratt .... 531
Pest Management and Sampling
Canyon Drift and Dispersion of Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Effects on Select
Nontarget Lepidopterans in Utah.
Wayne H. Whaley, John Anhold, and G. Bruce Schaalje .... 539
Pecan Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Emergence in a Range of Soil Types.
Stephen M. Schraer, Marvin Harris, John A. Jackman, and Michael Biggerstaff .... 549
General Program for Determining Instar Distributions from Headcapsule Widths: Example
Analysis of Mountain Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytide) Data.
J. A. Logan, B. J. Bentz, J. C. Vandygriff, and D. L. Turner .... 555
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Homoptera: Adelgidae) Dispersion and the Failure of Binomial
Sampling to Estimate Population Density.
David R. Gray, Richard A. Evans, and Scott M. Salom .... 564
Comparisons of Two Trapping Methods for Hylobius pales (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in
Virginia.
Christopher J. Fettig and Scott M. Salom .... 572
Effect of Reduced Insecticide and Fungicide Use on Parasitism of Leafminers
(Phyllonorycter spp.) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Commercial Apple Orchards.
R. G. Van Driesche, J. L. Mason, S. E. Wright, and R. J. Prokopy .... 578
Community and Ecosystem Ecology
Nonpersistent Virus Transmission Efficiency Determined by Aphid Probing Behavior
During Intracellular Punctures.
J. L. Collar and A. Fereres
583
Gall Morphology and Community Composition in Asphondylia flocossa (Cecidomyiidae) Galls
on Atriplex polycarpa (Chenopodiaceae).
Kevin A. Dixon, Robert R. Lerma, Timothy P. Craig, and Kimberly A. Hughes .... 592
Biodegradation of Poultry Manure by House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae).
D.R. Barnard, R.H. Harms, and D.R. Sloan .... 600
Flight Phenology of Parasitic Wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Georgia's Piedmont.
Christine M. Gaasch, John Pickering, and Clinton T. Moore .... 606
Population Ecology
Oviposition Preference and Larval Performance of Nematus oligospilus (Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae) in Relation to Host Plant Vigor.
Timothy G. Carr, Heikki Roininen, and Peter W. Price .... 615
Contribution of Avian Feces to Fecundity in the Mexican Fruit Fly (Diptera:
Tephritidae).
Donald B. Thomas .... 626
Effects of Endophytic Fungus, Nutrient Level, and Plant Damage on Performance of Fall
Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Thomas L. Bultman and Nyree J. Conard .... 631
Microgeographic and Vertical Distribution of Acromyrmex landolti (Hymenoptera:
Formicidae) Nests in a Neotropical Savanna.
Stephen L. Lapointe, Miguel S. Serrano, and Peter G. Jones .... 636
Colonization of a New Fruit Crop by Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) in
Brazil: a Demographic Analysis.
Regina L. Sugayama, Adalecio Kovaleski, Pablo Liedo, and Aldo Malavasi.... 642
Movement and Survival of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Larvae in Mixtures
of Nontransgenic and Transgenic Canola Containing a cryIA(c) Gene of Bacillus
thuringiensis.
Suresh Ramachandran, G. David Buntin, John N. All, Paul L. Raymer, and C. Neal Stewart,
Jr. .... 649
Density-Dependent Parasitism of the Hackberry Nipplegall Maker (Homoptera: Psyllidae):
A Multi-Scale Analysis.
John T. Lill .... 657
Effect of Temperature on Development, Survivorship, and Reproduction of Rice Root Aphid
(Homoptera: Aphididae).
James H. Tsai and Ying-Hong Liu .... 662
Physiological and Chemical Ecology
Effect of an Azadirachtin Formulation on Six Nontarget
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates.
Florence V. Dunkel and David C. Richards .... 667 
Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Reproductive Development as a Function of
Temperature.
D. W. Spurgeon and J. R. Raulston .... 675
Effects of Physical and Chemical Signals on Host Foraging Behavior of Drino inconspicua
(Diptera: Tachinidae), a Generalist Parasitoid.
Cornelia Dippel and Monika Hilker .... 682
Structure Activity Relationships of Phenyl Alkyl Alcohols, Phenyl Alkyl Amines, and
Cinnamyl Alcohol Derivatives as Attractants for Adult Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera:
Chrysomelidae: Diabrotica spp.).
Richard J. Petroski and Leslie Hammack .... 688
Development of Hydrotaea aenescens and Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) in Poultry
and Pig Manures of Different Moisture Content.
Robert Farkas, Jerome A. Hogsette, and Lszl Brzsnyi .... 695
Winter Mortality of Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Eggs in Michigan.
D. Smitley, J. Andresen, R. Priest, R. Mech, and D. McCullough .... 700
Palatability of Coloradia pandora (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Eggs to a Rodent Predator:
Contributions of Physical and Chemical Characteristics. .... Elizabeth A. Gerson, Rick G.
Kelsey, William C. McComb, and Darrell W. Ross .... 709
Biological Control
Biological Control of Bruchids in Cowpea Stores by Release of Dinarmus basalis
(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Adults.
A. Sanon, A. P. Ouedraogo, Y. Tricault, P. F. Credland, and J. Huignard .... 717
Abundance of Parasitoids of Archips argyrospila (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in
Louisiana.
Hanxin Wei, Richard A. Goyer, and Gerald Lenhard .... 726
Biology and Host Preference of Nephopteryx divisella
(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Candidate Agent for Biological Control of Leafy Spurge Complex
in North America.
M. Cristofaro, F. Sale, G. Campobasso, L. Knutson, and V. Sbordoni .... 731
Effect of Temperature and Vapor Pressure Deficit on the Flight Activity of Orius
insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae).
Y. Zhang and J. L. Shipp .... 736
Potential for Competition Among Natural Enemies of Larvae of Hypera postica
(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Southern Plains.
R. C. Berberet and A. D. Bisges .... 743
Functional Responses of Trichogramma ostriniae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to
Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Under Laboratory and Field Conditions.
Baode Wang and David N. Ferro .... 752
Sugarcane Stemborers and Their Parasites in Southern Texas.
R. L. Meagher, Jr., J. W. Smith, Jr., H. W. Browning, and R. R. Saldana .... 759
Laboratory Evaluation of Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera:
Carabidae) as Predators of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Larvae.
H. Suenaga and T. Hamamura .... 767
Host Location and Utilization by Selected Parasitoids of Bemisia argentifolii
(Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): Implications for Augmentative Biological Control.
Kevin M. Heinz and Michael P. Parrella .... 773
Influence of Entomopathogenic Fungi on Serangium parcesetosum (Coleoptera:
Coccinellidae), an Important Predator of Whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae).
Tadeusz J. Poprawski, Jesusa Crisostomo Legaspi, and Paul E. Parker .... 785
Prevalence of Erynia neoaphidis (Entomophthorales:
Entomophthoraceae) Infections of Green Peach Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Spinach in
the Arkansas River Valley.
P. J. McLeod, D. C. Steinkraus, J. C. Correll, and T. E. Morelock .... 796
